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Research 101

📋 Objective: Evaluating research ensures that the research material is appropriate for your project. This helps you to determine if a source has the information you need and that it is of good quality. In academic research, standards require that sources are scholarly, factual, and supportable.


Is it scholarly?

Scholarly sources are created by a subject matter expert, often a professional researcher or published by an academic outlet, with the goal of sharing new information with other researchers. These materials are often also peer-reviewed (evaluated by a panel of experts). Locate scholarly sources in academic journals or reference books. 

Determine what makes the creator qualified as an information source.

  • Identify key participants to determine what they contributed and where in the process they were involved.
  • Assess a creator's reputation by evaluating their personal and professional experience, expertise, and influence.
  • Consider the process of how a work gets published
  • Authority/ reputation
    • Reputable sources are trusted to be expert, ethical, and objective.
  • Purpose
    • Informational sources intend to educate and explain

Is it right?

Correctness calculates what makes the source right or wrong and how confident you can be in that assessment. This can be a formal methodology or standards that researchers in the field try to follow. Locate an authority in a respected person, organization, or rule book to back up your judgements. 

Verify the information and weigh how well it supports the source's claims. 

  • Identify the original source of the information
  • Assess the quality of the source and use of the information
  • Consider the process of creating, collecting, and selecting the data
  • Accuracy
    • Accurate sources contain information that is factual and stays true, even when new discoveries are made.
  • Objectivity
    • Objective sources are unbiased and do not make an attempt to manipulate the audience
  • Verifiability
    • Verifiable sources can be traced back to their original context

Is it right for you?

Reflect on why you selected this source to begin with. Are your project's aim's and level of analysis still the same? Go back to the research question(s) that you started with and decide if you need to revise your thesis statement. 

Determine if the source has the information you need and that it is of good quality. 

  • Identify what makes the source relevant
  • Assess how effectively the source communicates
  • Consider how much information is available on the subject
  • Completeness
    • Complete sources contain enough evidence to support their conclusions
  • Quality
    • High-quality sources are valued for their appeal and contain minimal or no flaws

Evaluation Strategies

ACT UP

AUTHOR

  • Who wrote the resource? Who are they?

Currency

  • When was this published?

Truth

  • How accurate is this information?

Unbiased

  • Nothing is completely free of bias. Is the information presented to favor a point of view?

Privilege

  • Check the privilege of the creator

CRAAP

Currency

  • The timeliness of the information.

Relevance

  • The importance of the information for your needs.

Authority

  • The source of the information.

Accuracy

  • The reliability, truthfulness and correctness of the content.

Purpose

  • The reason the information exists.

PROVEN

Purpose

  • How and why the source was created

Relevance

  • The value of the source for your needs

Objectivity

  • The reasonableness and completeness of the information

Verifiability

  • The accuracy and truthfulness of the information.

Expertise

  • The authority of the authors and the source

Newness

  • The age of the information

SIFT

  1. Stop
  2. Investigate the source
  3. Find trusted coverage
  4. Trace claims, quotes, and media back to the original context

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